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Generators applicable to high reliability requirements of healthcare and...
Generator systems described in this technical article are applicable to healthcare requirements, as well as other facilities that may require a high degree of reliability. The electrical supply for...
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Reactive power and power factor correction essentials to ALWAYS keep on mind
Why reactive power and power factor correction is so important? Well, for experienced engineers, this is not the question but the fact. For young students who meet this matter and... Read more The...
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The facts about modern rotary and static uninterruptible power systems (UPS)
This technical article covers the brief explanation of the power quality issues with the reference to the past as well as two main types of modern UPS systems – rotary... Read more The post The facts...
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Field devices and signals used for LV SCADA operations
At low voltage level, SCADA applications are usually used for process control and monitoring of equipment. Furthermore, incoming circuit breakers or switch disconnectors inside large LV switchboards...
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Interference and noise affecting transmission media in protection signalling
The transmission media that provide the communication links involved in relay protection signalling are private pilots, rented pilots or channels, power line carrier, radio and the newest and the...
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Testing and commissioning of HV power transformers, circuit breakers, CTs and...
As you already know, substations are the points for controlling the supply of power on different routes by means of various equipment such as power transformers, circuit breakers, CTs/VTs,...
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Operating centralized automatic compensation systems when supplying linear loads
For energy-efficient operation of decentralized multiply-fed industrial networks, each load-centre substation must have its own centralized reactive-power compensation system for automatic PF...
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Major components you can spot while looking at HV/EHV GIS (Gas-insulated...
Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is a piece of high voltage equipment that is being constantly developed day by day. The basics of GIS technology is more or less the same, but... Read more The post...
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Why we find temperature so important everywhere in electrical engineering?
The purpose of this article is to underline and illustrate the importance of temperature for various aspects of electrical engineering. This is one of the crucial engineering issues from the... Read...
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Things you MUST know when commissioning low voltage switchgear and circuit...
Purchasing low voltage switchgear is not that easy, it’s not like purchasing a new TV or laptop. You have to be very experienced and deadly serious when specifying and ordering... Read more The post...
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Protective grounding requirements for transmission and distribution lines
This technical article covers protective grounding requirements for steel tower and wood pole supported transmission and distribution lines, and insulated power cables. Protective grounds must be...
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Good practice rules for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of LV conductors
The search for an overall optimization of the installation with regard to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and its ability to function without suffering or emitting excessive interference, comes...
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Pre-commissioning checks and tests of high voltage current transformers (CTs)
Once erection is completed, various pre-commissioning checks and tests are performed to ensure the healthiness of the switchyard equipment prior to their energization. This technical article explains...
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Automatic transfer switch between three power sources (analysis of schemes)
When a switchboard can be supplied from two or more different sources, transfer between those sources can be done manually or automatically. This kind of configuration is usually designed when... Read...
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The art of achieving selectivity between incoming feeders connected in parallel
Calculating selectivity between incoming low voltage feeders connected in parallel is never an easy task. In parallel operation of two, three and more transformers on a common busbar, the partial......
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Medium voltage switches for isolation and earthing (applications & IEC 62271...
Medium voltage switches for use on 1-52kV indoor systems are predominantly used for isolation and earthing. Although the majority of these switches are air insulated, gas insulated (SF6) combination...
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Top ten software for electrical design, analysis and simulation of T&D networks
The importance of stability and maintaining the power quality of the electricity transmission and distribution (T&D) networks necessitates a thorough examination of all aspects of the design,...
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Occurrence and detection of an earth fault in MV power systems with isolated...
The mode of operation of an MV industrial power system that is galvanically isolated from the public power supply is determined by the method of neutral earthing on the secondary... Read more The post...
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IED (Intelligent Electronic Device) advanced functions that make our life better
IEDs have been deployed extensively in power automation systems recently, and the shift from RTUs to IEDs is evident due to the integration and interoperability features of the IEDs. This... Read more...
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Standard cubicle configurations for a medium voltage metal-enclosed switchgear
This technical article will shed some light on the standard design of medium voltage metal-enclosed switchgear cubicles in terms of enclosure configurations as well as the characteristics of busbar...
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