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Balancing of single-phase loads to achieve energy efficiency
Single-phase loads distribution //All single-phase loads, especially those with non-linear characteristics, in an electrical installation with a three-phase supply should be evenly and reasonably...
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Troubleshooting An Open Circuit Faults in the Control Circuit
General Troubleshooting Procedure //Symptom // – The machine does not start when the start button is pressedAt this point the problem could be mechanical or electrical. We will focus on just the...
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Hardware Implementation of Substation Control and Automation
Substation control system //To form a substation control system, the various elements described above must be assembled into some form of topology. Three major hardware topologies can be identified as...
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Protection of A.C. Electrified Railways
Electrified Railways – The conceptMany regional, urban and high-speed inter-urban rail networks worldwide are electrified, to provide the motive power for trains (Figure 1).The electrification system...
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6 Steps To Establish Electrically Safe Work Condition
Electrically safe work and NFPA 70EEquipment that has been deenergized and verified as such is said to be in an electrically safe work condition. Article 120.1 of NFPA 70E outlines 6 steps that must be...
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7 Energy-Efficiency Improvement Opportunities In Lighting System
Lighting in industrial facilitiesThere are a lot of opportunities to optimise lighting system in (almost) any industrial facility. Seven practical energy-efficiency opportunities to reduce energy use...
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Practical Considerations of Transformer Heat and Noise
Unwanted electrical effects //In addition to unwanted electrical effects, transformers may also exhibit undesirable physical effects, the most notable being the production of heat and noise.Transformer...
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7 Key Steps In Lighting Design Process
Structured Design Process //To achieve the best overall outcome in a lighting installation, it is important to avoid the tendency of rushing straight into luminaire selection before determining more...
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Resistance Measurement of Non-Conductive Walls and Floors
Electrically safe area //There are certain situations where it is desirable for a room to be totally isolated from the Protective Earth conductor (e.g. for conducting special tests in a laboratory...
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What parallel redundancy does to the power distribution system?
Increasing reliability //Redundancy is a useful method of increasing reliability and optimising the balance between operation effectiveness and expenditure. In the context of reliability, redundancy...
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10 Common Causes Of Arc-Flash and Other Electrical Accidents
Carelessness on top //The most common cause of Arc Flash and other electrical accidents is carelessness. No matter how well a person may be trained, distractions, weariness, pressure to restore power,...
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Comparison of Soft Starting and Frequency Converter Motor Starting
Soft startingA soft starter is, as you would expect, a device which ensures a soft starting of a motor.A softstarter has different characteristics to the other starting methods. It has thyristors in...
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Few Advices For Improving Integrity Of Protective Conductor
Earthing in a high leakage current environmentMost modern electronic equipment uses switched mode power supplies (SMPS) which draw pulses of current from the mains supply rather than a continuous...
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4 Steps To Follow During Commissioning of a PLC System
PLC programs are never final…Yes, PLC programs are never final, it is always possible to make corrections and subsequent adaptations to new system according the customer requirements. Even during...
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Selecting Wrong Sensor As a Mistake #1 In Instrumentation
Instrumentation issuesDespite ongoing advancements in measurement technology, instrumenting a process for feedback control remains a technical challenge. Today’s sensors are certainly more...
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4 Things Soil Resistivity Depends On
Soil resistivity definition //Though the ground itself being a very large body can act as an infinite sink for currents flowing into it and can be considered to be having very low resistance to current...
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Phases and wires in distribution of AC power
Distribution of AC power //AC power transmission is always at high voltage and mostly by 3-phase system. The use of single-phase system is limited to single-phase electric railways. Single-phase power...
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Basic measuring devices explained through cute simple schemes
Electrical parameters //In this technical article, you should gain a basic understanding of the desirable properties of practical devices for the measurement of electrical parameters. The measurements...
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8 Schemes To Supply MV Switchboard
MV switchboard supply solutions //Medium voltage networks are made up of switchboards and the connections feeding them. Let’s take a look at the eight different supply modes of these medium voltage...
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Balancing of single-phase loads to achieve energy efficiency
Single-phase loads distribution //All single-phase loads, especially those with non-linear characteristics, in an electrical installation with a three-phase supply should be evenly and reasonably...
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