14 energy-efficiency improvement opportunities in pumping systems
14 energy-efficiency improvement opportunities in pumping systems (on photo: Dakota Pump Packaged Wastewater Pumping Systems via hennesymech.com)Detailed energy assessmentPump systems consist of pumps,...
View Article18 Key Terms Defined In NEC System Grounding Requirements
18 Key Terms Defined In NEC System Grounding Requirements (on photo: Rack Ground Bus bar – RGB located within a cabinet or rack is properly bonded back to the Master Ground Bus bar – MGB; via...
View ArticleLet’s analyse phase-to-earth faults in a single-incomer power system
Let’s analyse phase-to-earth faults in a single-incomer power systemDetect and isolate…Power-system protection should detect faults and isolate the faulty parts of the power system while keeping the...
View Article9 Most Common Power Quality Problems
9 Most Common Power Quality Problems (on photo: Control Panel For Wind Farm Vessel Tokai; by Gary via Flickr)Description, Causes and ConsequencesThe most common types of Power Quality problems are...
View ArticleWhat NEC says about design constraints for grounding systems
What NEC says about design constraints for grounding systems (on photo: Encased Grounding Electrode by CTR via Flickr)Design constraintsSeveral key design constraints for grounding systems from the NEC...
View ArticleGuidelines to Maintenance of Low Voltage Switchboard
Guidelines to Maintenance of Low Voltage Switchboard (photo credit: ikmichaniki.gr)Maintenance Benefits and FacilitiesA. Maintenance ProgramA well-executed maintenance program can provide the following...
View ArticleAutomation Migration Strategy in 3 Phases
Automation Migration Strategy in 3 Phases (on photo: An automated production line can bottle a winery’s entire season’s production in a day or two – Boxwood Estate Winery, Middleburg VA; via...
View ArticleApplications and Characteristics Of Differential Relays (ANSI 87)
Applications and Characteristics Of Differential Relays – ANSI 87 (on photo: VAMP 265 Generator, transformer and motor diferential protection relay)Differential relays categoriesDifferential relays...
View Article8 important definitions to quantify Load Diversity
8 Important Definitions To Quantify Load Diversity (on photo: Integrated Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition – SCADA system by Piomak Otomasyuon)Load DetailsThe most vital, but often the last to...
View Article4 Essential Qualities Of Electrical Protection
4 Essential Qualities Of Electrical Protection (on photo protection relat panel by powersystemsmasters.com)Fundamental Protection RequirementsIn generating stations, all electrical circuits and...
View ArticleLine Harmonic Currents – Adjustable Frequency Control Created
Line Harmonic Currents – Adjustable Frequency Control Created (on photo: 400V real-time passive harmonic filter; via enspecpower.com)Nonlinear loadsNonlinear loads like adjustable frequency controls...
View ArticleImpact Of Voltage Regulation On Power System Stability
Impact Of Voltage Regulation On Power System Stability (on photo: 300 KVAR automatic power factor correction panel; via eamfco.com)Voltage Tolerance RangesVoltage regulation, by definition, is the...
View Article34 Questions And Answers To Break the Myth About SF6 Gas In Electrical Equipment
34 Questions And Answers To Break the Myth About SF6 Gas In Electrical EquipmentMiracle gas or not?There are many published discussions and reports on various aspects of SF6 gas (sulphur hexafluoride)...
View ArticleCharacteristics of XLPE insulated cables with reference to the UK standards
Characteristics of XLPE insulated cables with reference to the UK standards (on photo: 10kV Aluminium Conductor XLPE Insulated Aerial Cable)Cross-linking effectXLPE is the recognized abbreviation for...
View Article7 Practical Tips For Installing a Good Measuring System
7 Practical Tips For Installing a Good Measuring System (on photo: ABB’s low voltage switchgear type MNS; by controlequipment.ie)1. Start from the need: what do I want to measure?A single electric...
View ArticleWhen customer complains on equipment failure caused by overvoltage…
When customer complains on equipment failure caused by overvoltage… (photo credit: fluke.com)Customer explanations…While voltage sags and momentary interruptions cause the most widespread power quality...
View ArticleMineral oil-filled distribution transformer as one of the main part of...
Mineral oil-filled distribution transformer as one of the main part of electrical supply system (on photo: A distribution transformer serving a hotel in Saigon by Marcelino Cagampang via Flickr)Proven...
View ArticleQuick estimation of the short-circuit current at the end of a feeder
Quick estimation of the short-circuit current at the end of a feeder (photo credit: SIEMENS)Rule of thumb for quick estimationIf we consider a branch circuit going away from the point of supply and...
View ArticleWhat are the consequences of high harmonic distortion levels?
What are the consequences of high harmonic distortion levels? (photo credit: nccprojects.com)The plant engineer’s worst fear…Just as high blood pressure can create stress and serious problems in the...
View ArticleAn Overview of Wye and Delta Solidly-Grounded Systems
An Overview of Wye and Delta Solidly-Grounded Systems (photo credit: forums.mikeholt.com)Solidly-grounded Wye SystemThe solidly-grounded system is the most common system arrangement, and one of the...
View Article